Thursday, 10 December 2020

3rd Sunday of advent

 III SUNDAY ADVENT, 13 DECEMBER 2020

Focus: It is quite natural that everyone seeks happiness. But true joy can be found only in God and good. Enjoyments and pleasures are not real joy, because they can never quench the deeper thirst for satisfaction and fulfilment

 

1. This 3rd Sunday of Advent is known as the Sunday of joy, and the readings radiate this joy. The first reading from the prophet Isaiah announces: "I rejoice heartily in the Lord, in my God is the joy of my soul". The responsorial psalm is the Magnificat of Mary, which is an exuberant hymn of joy. The second reading from the I Thessalonians continues the same tone and mood of joy with the call to "rejoice always". The gospel too is permeated with the same spirit of joy, though not explicit.

 

2. Now, why should there be joy? Why should we rejoice? What is there to rejoice? True it is that the reality seems to be bleak and dark. There seem to be more reasons to grieve and lament, rather than to be glad and praise. But nothing of these should snatch away our spirit of joy, which is deep-seated in God and in our faith. Our joy is in God. Our joy comes from our unfailing faith and unswerving hope in the Lord’s promises and assurance.

3. Thus, the Word of God clearly outlines the reasons for joy, along with the call to be joyful. Isaiah says, “I rejoice, because he has clothed me with a robe of salvation, and wrapped me with a mantle of justice … because the Lord has adorned me like a bridegroom adorned with a diadem, and like a bride is bedecked with jewels”. He rejoices further, because there is healing to the broken hearted, liberty to the captives, release to the prisoners, a year of favour and day of vindication from the Lord.

4. Mary sings in the Mgnificat, “My soul rejoices and my spirit exults, for he has looked upon his lowly servant, for he has blessed me abundantly and unceasingly, for he has done great things for me”.

5. Therefore, rejoice, because the Lord comes to us, the Lord intervenes into our life, the Lord changes our life. Should we not rejoice? God’s abiding presence, God’s caring providence, God’s tender closeness, God’s uplifting justice, God’s hearty compassion, God’s indulgent mercy, God’s mighty liberation, and God’s abundant generosity, God’s unfailing fidelity – Are these not enough reasons to rejoice?

6. Therefore, why to feel distant, abandoned and alienated when God is near?

Why feel uncared and anxious when he is provident?

Why feel unwanted and unloved when he is so close?

Why feel victim of injustice and deceit when the just God is with us?

Why feel disheartened when God is so compassionate?

Why feel depressed and let down under the weight of sin, when he is so merciful?

Why feel bound and imprisoned, when God is liberating?

Why feel lacking and deprived, when God is immensely generous?

7. All that is needed to experience this joy even amidst the multiple shades of sadness, is to trust him, with deep faith and unfailing prayer; trust in his promises, trust in his love and salvation. Entrust ourselves to him, in deep humility and surrender. And carry on his mission, with unflinching zeal, with the unquenchable Spirit, and in a spirit of testimony.

8. Prayer, humility, surrender and testimony – these alone are the ways to experience and promote that deep and lasting joy. Let us then be the containers and carriers of joy. Let joy be contagious! So that this positive and healthy contagion would displace and dispel the destructive virus of sadness and badness.



Sunday, 6 December 2020

Second week of advent



07 - 12 DECEMBER 2020, HOLY Mass Reflection

07 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 35. 1-10; LUKE 5. 17-26

 

Focus: The Lord constantly comes into our life to save us. He transforms our situations of sickness into health, aridity into springs, weakness into strength and sadness into joy

 

The tone of comfort and renewal is very strong in all these days of holy Advent. Especially, the first readings from the prophets resound this spirit of assurance. God is coming to save us. He is entering into our lives. He sees our life, saddled with fear and dryness. There is sickness, weakness, deprivation, tiredness and hopelessness. The charm and the joy of life is missing. Consequently, the quotient of faith is deeply shaken and reduced. It is in such times the Lord is inviting us to rekindle our faith. This is the faith, seen in the friends of a paralytic and appreciated by Jesus in the gospel. Jesus is in a house on his teaching and healing ministry. There is a paralytic, carried by his friends. They find it not possible to approach Jesus due to the crowd. So they make a way through the roof and lower him straight in front of Jesus. Jesus praises their faith and heals him. But what is strange here is, he declares, “Your sins are forgiven”. This is very objectionable, because only God has the power to forgive sins. Does Jesus equate himself with God? This is a blatant blasphemy, and it is a very good weapon for his opponents to accuse him and persecute him. By this healing and forgiving, Jesus brings home a couple of significant truths: first, his communion with the Father and his divine authority to forgive sins. Second, spiritual health, healing from sin is much more important than mere physical health, and Jesus is really concerned about it. Third, every sin certainly causes suffering, though every suffering is not necessarily because of sin. Therefore, we must approach the Lord with faith, so that we truly experience health and joy.

 

Direction: Let you not lose your heart at the sight of the power of sin, and its pervasive evil effects. Have faith in him, present yourself to his merciful presence and get healed. It is worth making space in the roof of our hearts and reach directly in front of him!

 

08 DECEMBER 2020, IMMACULATE CONCEPTION OF BLESSED VIRGIN MARY

 

Focus: To be immaculate is to consecrate oneself to God and to concentrate whole life on God

 

1. The doctrine of the Immaculate Conception was officially defined by Pope Pius IX in 1854. It refers, not to the immaculate conception of Jesus in Mary's womb, but refers to the "immaculate conception of Mary" in her mother's womb.

2. The Blessed Virgin Mary, from the first moment of her conception, by a singular grace and privilege of Almighty God, and in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, Savior of the human race, was preserved free from any stain of original sin, and was in the state of sanctifying grace. Therefore, the angel Gabriel said: "Hail, full of grace, the Lord is with you" (Luke 1:28)

3. Even if all are thrown into the situation of sin, and all are exposed to sin, yet she has been preserved by God from its stain.

4. She is without sin, by the grace of Christ in a special way, by anticipation. A simple metaphor can clarify the point of her "rescue". All are saved by Christ from the deep pit of sin, having fallen into it; while Mary was saved by Christ from the same pit, but was prevented from falling into it.

5. Therefore, the Immaculate Conception of Mary provides us with some lessons:

1) Even though Mary was preserved from sin, she still had to struggle constantly to preserve and bear witness to it. Immaculateness was a free gift, but she had to constantly strive to deserve it. Therefore, the Immaculate Conception of Mary also calls us for constancy and consistency in our struggle against sin, in preserving ourselves from the stain of sin and in the state of purity of grace. It is not for a moment, or for some days, but for life, from the womb to the grave.

2) The Immaculate Conception of Mary reminds us and guides us in our destiny. It is God's will and plan that we live and stand before him as holy and blameless. God conceived us immaculately in his eternal destiny. The Immaculate Conception of Mary is a powerful sign that God is serious about His saving plan and already begins it in Mary.

3) The Immaculate Conception of Mary is a powerful call of the hour, against impurity. It is a call for a struggle of life full of grace of purity, against the overwhelming assaults of sin. Especially in our times when innocence or immaculateness is considered ignorance or madness or incompetence, where distortions and cunningness are exalted as the "craft of the day", and the norm of life, we are called as children of the Immaculate Mother, to fight to keep us not polluted by sin and to preserve ourselves pure and immaculate.

4) The way of surrender is the way of being immaculate. Mary shows us the way to be holy and blameless with her way of surrender. Mary in her total abandonment to God, from the initial act of response to the end, throughout her life, she fully lives the grace of the Immaculate Conception.

5) Mary in her immaculate conception is also a comforting assurance for us, who will be our guard and guide, companion and collaborator in the same search for holiness and salvation. Of course, the power of sin and the forces of evil will never be dormant. But Mary instills in us a trust and a courage, a hope, and a resolution, a comfort and support that with her and in abandonment to God, we will never lose the battle.

6) The Immaculate Conception is a call for an integral holistic life: We do not love sin; We do not conceive sin; We do not accept sin; Let us not be deceived by sin; Let us not be enchanted by sin

7) Living without sin is possible only when we live with the Son.

Being immaculate is only possible when we live in intimacy with God, cooperate with his plans, rejuvenate his life in us, lovingly associate with the Mother and imitate the Son.

 

Direction: Beauty of life consists only in purity of heart and propriety of action.

 

09 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 40. 25-31; MATTHEW 11. 28-30

 

Focus: God is never tired of loving us and is never tired of calling us to taste His love for us.

 

True love never gets tired of loving loved ones. God is love and His nature is to love and He cannot but love, for not to love is against his nature. His is true love because it is selfless and not self-motivated. He gains nothing by loving us. In fact, very many times, what He receives in return is only anguish and disappointment, because of our ingratitude and lack of response. Yet, He never ceases to invite us, “Come unto me”. He finds inexpressible joy in relieving us of our burdens, in strengthening us in our weakness, in refreshing and recharging us in our tiredness and exhaustion. He wants to make our life light. In fact, this is the marked difference between those who confide in God and cling to Him, and those who are away from God. Both the sections face the same reality and situations. God never makes false promises that faith in Him will absent all the problems. It is the way they approach them, tackle them, and come out. The way of going through the troubles and the end point, mark the contrast. This is implied in the first reading from Isaiah: Youth may grow tired and faint, they may stumble and fall. But those who confide in God will not be wearied or tired; rather, they will be ever renewed. And, to experience this renewed vigour, what is needed? First, put aside our yoke and load of needless weight of sin and worry. Then, take upon his yoke and load of gentleness and humility. This is not a load that suppresses us but that which relieves and rejuvenates our energies.

 

Direction: Gentleness and humility are two greatest arms with which we can conquer a whole world of joy and serenity, energy and strength.

 

10 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 41. 13-20; MATTHEW 11. 11-15

 

Focus: For those who trust in God, life is never a loss or misery, but is ever a rediscovery of hope and joy

 

Listen then if you have ears, so ends Jesus today’s gospel passage. Yes, we need the inner ear of faith to constantly listen to what God ceaselessly repeats into our ears. Endlessly he drills into our hearts how much he loves and cares for us, how much he assures us and instills confidence and courage into us. The very same words that he pronounces through his prophet Isaiah to his people, are repeated today to all of us as well: “I am the Lord, your God. I strengthen you and tell you, do not be afraid; I will help you”. He knows that we are small and weak. He knows that our enemies, the evil forces are strong, violent and oppressing and frightening. But it is not our strength that will be in act. It is his unsurpassable power that will prevail over all the hostile forces. He will change dry land into flowing springs, and deserts into pools of water, and barren land into forest. These are God’s promises. They are never empty or shallow or unreliable like those of men or many leaders. He says to the people of Israel: Fear not, I am your assistance. I will make you a thresher, new and with sharp double teeth. You will thresh hills and mountains, crushing them and reducing them to chaff. You will winnow them.  These words apply exactly to John the Baptist. Like Elijah, he lives as a true prophet, passionate, courageous and faithful. He urges people to repent and to be converted. But from our part, what is needed is to understand this and do our part in humility, courage and dutifulness like him.

 

Direction: We are really blessed that we are rated even greater than John the Baptist himself, the greatest born of women, if only we strive sincerely on behalf of the kingdom of God.

 

11 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 48. 17-19; MATTHEW 11. 16-19

 

 Focus: Prejudice is like a veil that always clouds the vision, mars the way and deviates one from the right track, so that the one who is prejudiced can never see or hear or speak or do rightly

 

Negative attitude, prejudice and obstinacy plague the world of today. Many nurture and carry so much negativity within. Their thought, desire, intention is all negatively coloured. Consequently, they have the wrong way of looking, judging and acting toward others. They fail to understand others, value and appreciate them for their worth. They suffer from the traps of their own attitude and perspective and they do not see the other side of the reality, especially the positive side of others. They make absolute their own ideas and opinions, and stubbornly stick to them. These are so pessimistic and negative-minded that nothing can really satisfy them or win their approval and favour. These are exactly like the children mentioned in the gospel today. They sit in the market places, who are perpetual fault-finders and dissatisfied. No flute can gladden them, and no funeral song would arouse a mourning solidarity in them. Even if others do the best and the right, they have no appreciation or sensitivity. They always have something to find fault and accuse. John the Baptist was so austere and he was labelled as a possessed man. Jesus was so free and mingling, and he was blamed to be an indulgent and loose man. It is not the fault of John or Jesus. The problem lies with them. It is their attitude and approach that is corrupt. It is these people about whom God rightfully and painfully laments, “Had you paid attention to my commandments”, attention to the best that God teaches them, attention to the right way they must go. If done so, then surely streams of blessings would have flown.

 

Direction: Often there is an excessive eagerness to change the reality. It is nothing wrong, when it is wrong and when it is possible. But much more than that, one should try to change one’s own attitude and perspective, which are really corroding

 

12 DECEMBER 2020, ZEC 2. 14-17; LUKE 1. 39-47, memory of Our Lady of Guadalupe

 

Focus: When God dwells in a place or a heart, He renders it holy. And this holiness radiates an immense joy all around

 

In the OT, God chooses Israel as His own nation and Jerusalem as His own city. He dwells in them. They become blessed and holy. They in turn become streams of blessings to many others. In the NT, Mary becomes the new dwelling place of God. Her womb becomes the sacred abode for the incarnate Saviour. She is overshadowed by the power of the Holy Spirit, as promised at annunciation. She demonstrates the greatest faith in her fiat, an act of total surrender. Her faith does not leave her stagnant at her home. The Spirit in faith moves her with charity to visit Elizabeth. This charity is so holistic and overwhelming. It is so sensitive, to realise, feel and anticipate the need of Elizabeth. This charity is so humble that does not put on airs as the mother of the Saviour. It is so noble that she lowers herself and treats Elizabeth with respect and concern. It is so magnanimous that she cuts across the boundaries and to travel to Elizabeth. A magnanimous heart is spacious, makes space for others and traverses beyond the spaces. Moved by the Spirit in faith, Mary moves in charity to Elizabeth, and meeting Elizabeth, she moves her and her babe with the Spirit and joy. At the encounter with Mary, Elizabeth is filled with the Holy Spirit, and the babe in her womb leaps with joy. In other words, Mary could give and move others with the Holy Spirit and joy. This was possible, only because she was bearing Jesus within her. One who carries Jesus will certainly transmit to others the waves of the Holy Spirit and joy. From Mary, we learn that our whole life may be summarized as a move: be moved through faith and by the Spirit, move to others in charity and move others with the Spirit and joy.

 

Direction: God visits Mary in His condescending mercy for humanity and in loving benevolence toward Mary. He graces her with the greatest gift of His own incarnate Son. In turn, Mary visits Elizabeth and shares the same grace with her.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Saturday, 5 December 2020

Second Sunday of Advent

 II SUNDAY ADVENT, 06 DECEMBER 2020

ISAIAH 40. 1-11; MARK 1.1-8
1.     “Comfort, comfort my people”, says the Lord. In other words, today God is telling you, his people the very same words through us, “Be comforted, be comforted, my people”. Why? Because he is coming. For what? He comes to save, to forgive, to comfort, to rejuvenate.

2.     But many times we do not experience these saving signs and effects of his coming, namely that comfort, that courage. Our lives continue often discomforted and weak and weakened. Why? Because we are not fittingly disposed to receive this grace and effect, we do not fulfill the requirements laid down by the Word of God.

3.     What are they? We shall pick up some of them: believe, fear not, be humble and prepare.
First, believe. Yes, believe in his saving power, that he will come with a strong hand, he will rule with his arm, that he will end our tribulation and affliction. Believe in his forgiving mercy that he will pardon our iniquities, believe in his caring love, that he will feed his flock like a shepherd, he shall gather his lambs with his arm, carry them in his bosom and shall gently lead those that are with young. Believe in his wisdom and power which are incomparable and unsurpassable. Believe also that he brings the reward with him.

4.     Second, fear not, have courage. The Lord repeatedly assures and encourages us: I am with you always. I am the Master of all the situations, and I have control over everything. All nations are nothing and vanity. He brings the princes to nothing and the judges of the earth to vanity.

5.     Third, be humble and realize our insufficiency and transience. All people is grass and all grass withers and the flower fades. This realization of our human inadequacy and perishability is very important because it will guard us against our arrogance and excess self-autonomy.

6.     Then fourth, prepare and act: prepare the way of the Lord in the wilderness and make a highway in the desert. The world is like a wilderness with so much confusion, wild growth, and animals. So make a highway in the wilderness means to bring more clarity, order, and humanness. The world is like a desert, with much emptiness and aridity. So prepare the way in the desert is to bring more warmth, meaning, productivity and fecundity.

7.     The valleys shall be raised and exalted. This means to elevate the drooping spirits. The mountains shall be made low would mean to level our pride and false heights, to humble down the mountains of ego. To straighten the crooked paths is to make straight and right what is distorted, perverted, twisted and crooked. To even and smooth the rough places is to become a little more soft, tender and smooth.
This alone is the way to prepare the way of the Lord!

Thursday, 3 December 2020

Why me?

 *Why Me?* 


A Beautiful Message by Arthur Ashe, the legendary Wimbledon Player who was dying of AIDS, which he got due to infected blood he received during a heart surgery in 1983!


During his illness, he received letters from his fans, one of which conveyed : 


"Why did God have to select you for such a bad disease?" 


To this Arthur Ashe replied : 


⁃There 50 million children started playing Tennis.

⁃And only 5 million learnt to play tennis.

⁃There are 500000 learnt professional tennis.

⁃And only 50 thousand came to circuit, 

⁃And 5 thousand reached Grand Slam.

⁃And 50 reached Wimbledon.

⁃Only 4 reached the Semifinals.

⁃And 2 reached the Finals.

And when I was holding the cup in my hand, I never asked God : "Why Me?" 


So now that I'm in pain how can I ask God : "Why Me?" 


 *Remember* :

Happiness keeps you Sweet ! 

Trials keep you Strong ! 

Sorrows keep you Human ! 

Failure keeps you Humble ! 

Success keeps you Glowing ! 

But only, Faith keeps you Going !


Sometimes you are not satisfied with your life, while many people in this world are dreaming of living your life .


A child on a farm sees a plane fly overhead and dreams of flying, while a pilot on the plane sees the farmhouse and dreams of returning home. That's life !


Enjoy yours.. If wealth is the secret to happiness, then the rich should be dancing on the streets. But only poor kids do that.


If power ensures security,  then VIPs should walk unguarded . 


But those who live simply, sleep soundly . 


If beauty and fame bring ideal relationships, then celebrities should have the best marriages .


Live simply, be happy ! Walk humbly and love genuinely !

Wednesday, 2 December 2020

RELIGIOUS LIFE A GIFT AND RESPONSIBILITY

 

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Religious Life, A Gift And Responsibility

 

My dear sisters, Pope Francis would say about the religious that I cannot imagine of the church without the religious. When he declared the year of the consecrated, he said this. And then he acknowledged the contribution the tremendous contribution that the religious congregations, the religious, consecrated people have been doing to the church. And now today, we are going to reflect upon religious life is a gift and the responsibility. First, I would like to dwell upon

Religious life as a gift. Yes, it's an unmerited, free gift of God. Even Jesus, for him, the vocation that he received, is not because of him, because he received it from the Father. So even for Jesus, it was a gift, the vocation that he received to be the priest and the victim is again a gift from his father. And that's why we read in the letter to the Hebrews, chapter five, verses four to five. So beautifully St. Paul, the author of the letter to the Hebrews says, and one does not presume to take this honor, but takes it only way when called by God. Just as Aaron was, again in verse five we read. So also, Christ did not glorify himself in becoming a high priest, but was appointed by the one who said to him, you are my Son, today I have begotten you. So even in the case of Jesus, we know that Jesus accepted  it as a gift from the Father. That's why Jesus tells us we read in the Gospel of St. john chapter 15, verse 16, the first part, you did not choose me, but I chose you. You did not choose me, but I chose you. It's I who have chosen you, you are mine. So, it is Jesus who has called us it is Jesus who has chosen us. Again, we'll read in Mark's gospel, chapter three, verse 13. He called those whom he wanted, he called those whom he desired. So, he wants us and He calls us. So, it is a gift from the Lord. We read in the Bible, various vocation narratives. Everyone in the Bible is called by the Lord. It's not because of their merit. But it is purely out of the love that God had for them. So today, I and you are called, not because of any of our merits, not because of our talents, not because of our efficiencies, but just because he loves me. He wants me He desires me. So, we need to be convinced of being wanted by the Lord, we need to be convinced of being called by the Lord, we need to be convinced of receiving the gift from the Lord.  it’s nothing of my merits, purely his own free gift, because he loves me, he gives me.

Look at the life of Abraham. Abraham was called by God, Abraham never thought that, Abraham never knew about it. But Godchooses Abraham, because God wants him. So, he calls him, he gives him that gift to belong to God.


Again, in the case of Moses, normally speaking, that was the Edict of Pharaoh. At the time, when Moses was born, every male child of the Hebrews should be put to death. And the midwives were well instructed, but Moses remained alive. Then Moses is brought to the palace of Pharaoh, all this because God wanted Moses, all this because God is giving Moses the gift of life, the gift of vocation, the gift of being belonging to God. And then he shares that vocation, to do the work that God himself has to do.

Look at Saul, the first king of the Israelites, did Saul wanted to be a king, not at all. He was in fact searching for his lost donkeys. But God picks him up and anoints him a king. Again, none of the merits of Saul.

The case of David, a small boy, even his father didn't find him fit to be a king. That's why he kept him in the fields looking up to the sheaves. The other sons were kept in the house, when Samuel came to anoint one of his sons as a king. So, from the worldly point of view, David was not at all fit, not at all expected to be a king, but God wanted him. again it is a gift from God, that David receives. No one can say, I will become a priest. No. and No one can say I will become a religious, you cannot say that.

 Being in the formation, I have experienced this. There were so nice with all the qualities sincere, clever, efficient, talented, and so much we had expectations that he would make a very good priest. He will be a great asset to

the church, but they don't they didn't become priests. They decided to go back and choose their vocation to a family life. So, it is purely the gift of God.  

Again, we see. So since, we know that it is a gift of God, we should be grateful to that gift. The one who does not sufficiently thank God for the gift that he has received, he does not know what vocation is, he does not understand the greatness and the importance of vocation, he does not understand the greatness and importance of religious life.

So, two ways of responding to the vocation, the religious calling that we have received is

 One is to be grateful to it.

And one another one is to be faithful to it,

 To be grateful. We need to sufficiently thank God for this wonderful gift of vocation that we have received. Every moment we should be grateful to it. For me, it has become a habit, that every day, at the end of the day, when I go to bed, sitting on the bed, I used to look at myself and say, Oh, I am a priest and sing the priests? What guarantee do I have? I am

weak, vulnerable. I can lose it. Anything can happen in my life. But God keeps me in the gift that He has given me. Because he wants me, he desires me. So, every day when I before going to bed, I sit on my bed and turn to the Lord and say, Lord, I thank you, for still you're keeping me as a priest, we should be able to thank the Lord. Because it is such a wonderful gift for which I am not worthy . So religious calling, religious life is a gift from the Lord. It's an unmerited, free gift of God to each one of us. Also, I would like to see how it is a gift we can also see within our life.

The religious life can be explained through the need theory, which the psychologists use it the needed theory, they explained the human person, the whole life project of the human person, through a need theory, though we don't accept it.But we can explain this need the life of a religious through the NEED theory, they would say for example, a child is born. And then the moment the child is born to this earth from that moment, different needs are before the child. The whole life of that human person who is born or born to this earth is fulfilling need after needs, you've tried to fulfill one need, another need arises and you fulfill that another need arises

till you step into the grave, you have been fulfilling the needs of your life, the various needs of your life. That's how they explained the human life. And we can also take that a child as soon as it is born, the first need of the child is to breathe. And that's why is struggling to breathe, that becomes like a cry. And so,the child the moment the child starts breathing, everything is cleared, smoothly breathing, then the other need arises, that child wants milk hungry, then it drinks milk. So, when we in that development of the human person, we find the needs keep changing, and the person keeps fulfilling those needs. And then finally, when the child grows, becomes an adult, the different needs are coming.

Three basic needs come into every human person's life. That is

i.              the need for companionship,

ii.             The need to warn or possess things for life. Then

iii.             The need to make one's own decisions.

These are the big three basic needs of human life and the person's life is built on these three needs. So every human person experiencing these three basic needs and tries to fulfill that needs and his whole life is centered around those three needs. For example, 

A girl marriageable age, she feels the need for a companion in a life partner, the desire to marry, either she will find a boy or the home people would find a companion for her. Once that is done, that need is fulfilled, the second need of possessing some things, a house, a job, all the other things required for the life. And so, in this way, the second  need it will be fulfilled. Till the end of life different things are needed for life, and they will be fulfilling it, then they have to make decisions in life to make one's own decisions. So, in this way the life is being lived.

In our case, when we are in need of a companion, Jesus enters into our life, takes our name and request says Francis, would you like to become my life companion? Would you like to accept me as your life companion? And I say yes. And that's my call. That's my vocation. So, Jesus becomes my life companion. I and Jesus together, we start living. And that is the evangelical Council of chastity. Since I have Jesus as my life companion, I don't need anyone else. I don't need any other human person to become my life companion. Because I have the life companion Jesus Himself,

Then the second need, that need to possess things, Jesus is everything for me. And so, I don't have to depend on the things of this world. I need to depend on Jesus who is my life companion who is everything, who is the creator of the whole universe. So there comes an evangelical Council of poverty,

Then to make decisions in life. I know Jesus knows all that I need. Jesus knows much more about me than anyone. And so, I listened to him. He knows what is best for me. And so, I obey

Him. So, the evangelical Council of obedience, this is all the Life Project, the religious life, the religious calling, which is a gift that we have received. And why it is a gift again, it's a gift of Jesus in my life.Because in my life, I am in need of fulfilling, I am in need of fulfilling these three basic needs of my life. And Jesus steps into my life, gives himself as a gift for me. And then fulfills these three needs in a much wonderful, beautiful way hundred percent. A human companion will not be that faithful, a human companion will not be 100%, loving, but Jesus who is a gift for me, through vocation I have received; he becomes 100%, faithful partner with me. He is my true-life companion. That's why in my one life project, when I am in need of the three basic needs, Jesus offers himself as a gift to fulfill my need. And so, my vocation, to be a religious is a gift from Jesus. And that gift is Jesus Himself as my life companion.

And that how we have to look at the religious life. So, the religious life really is a tremendous gift. And this gift is a most beautiful thing which can never be compared to anything else, Jesus, the creator of the whole universe, the second person of the Trinity, and in Him the father is present, his spirit will receive such a wonderful gift through our religious calling we receive. And so, I must live that life with the Lord, a life of love relationship with him, a life of intimacy with him. That's the essence of my call to live for Jesus.

That's why the little flower would say, not even an atom of my love belongs to anyone else, except

Jesus. And she would also say, at last, I found my vocation at the heart of the church. That is, I will be loved. So, our call is a call to intimacy. The religious life is a call to intimacy. The religious life is a call to a life of love and a love with Jesus. When I love Jesus, as he loves me, that's the command that the Lord gave us. Love one another as I have loved you. When I love Jesus as He loves me the consequence of  loving Jesus as He loves me. I become chaste like Jesus, I become poor like Jesus, I become obedient like Jesus, and that how the evangelical councils become my lifestyle. So, it is a consequence of loving Jesus, as he loves me. So that is what that's why the religious calling is a beautiful gift for us.

Now, this gift the religious calling, the religious vocation, this gift as an eternal character, that also we should keep in our mind. It's an eternal character. The book of Jeremiah, chapter one, verse four, and five, the call of Jeremiah, what do we read there?

 

Now the word of the Lord came to me saying, before I formed you in the womb, I knew you. And before you were born, I consecrated you, I appointed you, a prophet, to the nations, how beautiful it is. This

not just telling Jeremiah, today we should be able to hear this being addressed to us. Jesus telling me,before you were formed in the womb, I knew you. Before you were born, I consecrated you. I appointed you, as a religious to live and work in the church. That's what the Lord is telling us. Are we aware of it?

Today, we religious, live our life, but we don't realize the greatness of our religious life, the greatness of our vocation, the importance of our vocation, that we cannot sufficiently understand it. So, this religious calling is a gift. And so, we should sufficiently thank the Lord for this unmerited free gift that the Lord has given to each one of us. Now, this gift, has its responsibilities, the responsibilities attached to this religious calling. It's the life of total dedication, and service. And it is the life of the religious. However, it's so beautiful, so important, so great occasion. But it is not a bed of roses. Today, in the midst of difficulties and challenges, it seems to be losing ground. Today, in the midst of all the difficulties challenges, the life of the religious today, it seems to be that religious life is losing ground 

Pope Francis said that the contribution of the religious to the church and the world cannot be measured.

The during the year of consecrated life, Pope Francis gave a message for that year. And the message was so beautiful. In short, I can just tell you, first he said, religious, put Christ at the center of your life, let your life become Christocentric. Christ centered. That's the thing that he

asked all the consecrated religious, but unfortunately, somehow this was just ignored. After saying this, only Pope Francis said, religious wake up the world. That slogan was taken up. And everywhere it was focused in all the articles, in all the magazines, in all the seminars. Everywhere it was said, Pope is calling in the year of consecrated life to wake up the world, religious wake up the world, and how you wake up the world, by being. by being joyful, by being brave, by being people of communion by being people of communion. So, by being joyful, by being brave, by being people of men and women of communion, this was the message that Pope Francis gave for the year of consecrated life, but this is, this would have been possible only. The first thing what Pope Francis said, religious make your life Christocentric that's what the gift our life is a gift and the gift is Jesus. So that gift is to become center. It has to become Christocentric. This is what Pope Francis told. At the same time, we have the other side, while majority of the religious live a very committed holy lives, there are still some living scandalous lives, which affect the church. Scandalous life these days we hear of religious priests committing suicides, people, ordinary people cannot somehow understand that. religious priests who are supposed to instill hope in the life of the people, they are committing suicides.

 

There are scandals, scandalous lives, scandals, emotional immaturity,crossing the boundaries and violating the boundaries of sexuality, financial irregularities, conflicts in relationships, lack of collaboration and teamwork. So, this is what we find sometimes now in the life of the religious and this affects the church so much. So, our responsibility today comes from this. We need to live a life of intimacy with the Lord. I would also like to say this, all scandals, all these things come up because we have not understood the greatness and the importance of the religious life.

 

The greatest danger in religious life is and among the consecrated people is that we take things for granted, taking things for granted. Our religious life, we take it for granted. Vocation, take it for granted our consecrated life, we take it for granted. Another thing I would always say that we cannot this is another danger. We consider the religious especially the women religious they consider them  like any other ordinary women, they are not. They are consecrated people, they are set apart, just like a chalice which cannot be used to drink tea and coffee. It is set apart for the Holy Eucharist,  its set apart for to pour the blood of Jesus. It cannot be used for the other way. So similarly, a consecrated religious is not an ordinary human, the moment that she makes her profession, the moment she commits herself to Jesus for life, she is consecrated, she is set apart. And she is meant to only for Jesus, that Jesus whom she sees in every brother and sister, it is for that Jesus she is meant for. So that's why the set part. So, a consecrated religious should not be looked at as any other woman or a girl, anybody that's the greatest danger, also taking life the consecration for granted. So, we need to understand the greatness of it. And then we have the responsibilities. It is actually a life of complete sharing with Jesus. Every religious has a complete sharing of the life of Jesus. A religious life is a life of intimacy.

There are a few points I would like to present before you the first important sign of this intimacy is complete sharing. So, when you have received this gift, the gift of consecrated life, the responsibility follows of total sharing of yourself with Jesus. The first thing complete sharing, we read St. John's Gospel chapter 15, verse 15. I do not call us servants any longer, But I call you friends. A servant does not know what the master is doing. I call your friends because All that the Father has revealed to me, I reveal it to you. A total revelation, a total sharing a complete sharing of himself with us. You can imagine, Jesus says to us this, I call you friends, because all that the Father has revealed to me, I reveal to you. So that's the beauty of our call. So, total, sharing the first thing Ido I share everything of mine with the Lord. I get the good news, I get the bad news, who is the first person that I share with? Do I share with my life companion in Jesus, who has given himself as a gift to me? So that is the first sign of intimacy.

Second, choice of friendship. JOHN, Chapter 15, verse 16, the first part, you did not choose me, but I chose you. Jesus has chosen me as his first and best friend. Have I chosen now Jesus as my first and best friend? So, I have to choose, choice of friendship, that shows my intimacy. In my life situations, that's Jesus becomes my choice. Or sometimes I choose other things other person's, choose my name, my position, we have to today examine. This is my great responsibility of choosing Jesus. Every time in every situation, in every incident in everything, I must choose Jesus as my first and best friend. That's why the little flower could say, not even an atom of my love belongs to anyone else, except Jesus saw lifers to become that. So, he should be my first and best friend.

Thirdly, suffer for the friend. JOHN, Chapter 15, verse 13, we read, no one has greater love than this, to lay down one's life for one's friends, lay down one's life for one's friends. So, Jesus says lay down his life for me,

who is his friend? Am I ready to lay down my life for my Jesus? Am I ready to make sacrifices in my life for my Jesus, who has laid down his life for me because he loves me? He is ready to suffer for me. Am I ready similarly, to suffer for Jesus? That's what the life of intimacy. So, the responsibility as a gift follows that I must do sacrifice for him because he loves me.

The fourth sign of intimacy, not for possessive friendship. John chapter 15, verse 16, the second part, you did not choose me, I chose you so that you may go and bear fruit, the fruit that endures, he has chosen me so that I may be fruitful, I may go and bear fruit, not for a possessive friendship, not to cling on to him, but to do the mission. So, the responsibility, the mission becomes my responsibility. The gift that I have received, that is Jesus. Now, because of that gift. The mission of Jesus becomes my responsibility. I have chosen you to go and bear fruit. Mary Magdalene, after having the apparition of the risen Lord, she wanted to cling on to him, but Jesus says don't cling to me. Go and tell my brothers do the mission. So that is what the intimacy with Jesus that's my responsibility. The mission, mission should become my life.

          Fifth the point, friends are of one mind and one heart. JOHN, Chapter 14, verse 21. I read those who have my commandments, and keep them or those who love me, and those who love me, will be loved by My Father, and I will love them and reveal myself to them. See the beauty of it, the love relationship. So,friends are of one mind and one heart as friends of Jesus, as we have received the gift of Jesus as He has become My life companion and as I have become a consecrated religious for Jesus, I must have the mind and heart of Jesus.

six to one concern about the friend. Again, we read St. John's Gospel chapter 14, verses 15 to 17. If you love me, you will keep my commandments. And I will ask the Father, He will give you another advocate to be with you forever. So, he is so concerned that he is leaving. So,he has asked the father to give me the spirit, another advocate, another helper. So, the concern that Jesus has for me, do I have the same concern for the Lord? Am I concerned about his glory? Am I concerned about his mission? Am I concerned about his mission? Am I concerned about his church? So, I must show that concern in my life.

Seventh, the sorrow for separation, again, John's Gospel chapter 16, verse 16, a little while, and you will know no longer see me. And again, a little while you will see me. So here Jesus is expressing his intimacy with these disciples, he is telling them, I am going to go away from you.

He's feeling that sadness, that separation. What separates us from Jesus? sins separates us from God. So we must have dread for sin, a consecrated religious should have fear of sin, dread for sin, because that's what separates us from Jesus, our life companion.

 

Eighth happiness in the intimate friendship, john 15, verse 11, we read, I have said these things to you, so that my joy may be in you, and that your joy may be complete. He has revealed everything so that I may remain joyful, that your joy may be complete, how beautiful it is.So, there is joy in the friendship with Jesus, because he is the source of joy, who is within me.

And the last one ninth one, a friend wants to be always with the one he loves. That is john 14, verse 23.

 

JOHN 14, verse 23, Jesus answered him, those who love me will keep my word, and my Father will love them, and we will come to them and make a home with them. That's the abiding presence, he always remains with us. And that's what Jesus for us is the intimacy the responsibilities, today we should look at ourselves and see what's our life. Looking at the crisis in the religious life, today, it looks to be the consecrated life loses its relevance. Why because we are losing our specific identity as a religious as a consecrated person, we are trying to become like the others. Yes, we should be one with them, but then our identity should be kept up. Today, the danger today facing the religious life, we cannot accept it as a gift, we are not aware of the responsibilities ,because the recruitment, today we are promoting vocations for what is it to live a life of intimacy with Jesus or as a labor force, rather than as a vocation. We need personnel to run the institutions. So, we search for vocations. We need to correct that today. We have to choose people who are gifted with that gift of Jesus, a life of intimacy, a life of consecration. We have to promote vocations, to live the life of Jesus, not to just train to run institutions, not to work not for a labor force.

Another danger is we have today become a tendency of sticking to our comfort zones. Do not want to take any risk, do not want to be out with the people facing the difficulties, troubles of life facing the challenges of life. We want always to be secure, safe and comfortable. That's what the religious are looking for. So basic identity comes from the work that we do the job that we do, the position that we hold, or our vocation to belong to Jesus This is what today you have to ask. There is a strong temptation today to relate one's identity to one's functions. As an educator, as a social worker, as a professor of philosophy, theology, etc. It's raw scripture, as a counselor, as a doctor, as a lawyer. That’s a great danger among us. Also, it is a temptation to relate one's identity to these things. These functions require specializations. But without being the person of moral and spiritual integrity. These are useless. The priority that's why Pope Francis was declared in the year of consecrated life, what did he say? religious be Christocentric put Christ at the center of your life at the center of your existence, we

need to have that once we have that then we will be able to use everything for His glory for his kingdom, for his mission.

Another responsibility in the present-day context is that we need to move from the mono culturality to a multicultural relationship, membership multicultural relationship.

We need to move out from our parochial and divisive tendencies.

The recognition of other cultures is required today, respect for cultural diversity and differences. The promotion of a healthy interaction between cultures,

also in the congregational collaborations,

collaborative mission with the church, the parish, the diocese, these are required, these are our responsibilities, then.

Pope Francis also calls us to move to the peripheries, not to be closed out in the center, not to be in the high compound walls with the securities. In Evangelic Gaudium Pope Francis says, I prefer a church which is bruised, wounded, hurting and dirty because it has been out on the streets. Rather than I want the church which is bruised, wounded, dirty, rather than a church which is unhealthy from being confirmed, and from clinging to its own security. I do not want a church concerned with being at the center. And then yes by being caught up in a web of obsessions and procedures. if something should rightly disturb us, and trouble our consciences, it is the fact that so many of our brothers and sisters are living without this support, without the strength without the light without the consolation and bond of friendship with Jesus without a community of faith to support them without meaning and goal in life. This is what Pope Francis is saying to us. So today, as we are reflecting about our religious life, which is a gift, and the responsibility is an unmerited, free gift of God, we need to be grateful to him thankful to him. And then we need to be faithful to that call that He has given us. So, the responsibility of being in intimacy with Jesus. So, let us try our best. Let's bring a transformation and pray to the Lord, that the Lord may really touch you. Let him give you a fresh anointing of the Spirit. So that baptized in the spirit soaked in the spirit, we may become Jesus to all the people. That's what is the essence of a religious calling. So, let us pray to the Lord for this grace. Thank you. God bless you.

 

Bishop Francis Kalist


 

Sunday, 29 November 2020

1st week of advent


30 NOVEMBER - 05 DECEMBER 2020, HOLY MASS RELFECTIONS


30 NOVEMBER 2020, ROMANS 10. 9-18; MATTHEW 4. 18-22, FEAST of ST ANDREW

 

Focus: Vocation is not just a state of life or a profession but is a sacred way of life of God and is consecration to Him and concentration on good

 

Today, we celebrate the feast of St Andrew, one of the Twelve apostles. His call is also a roadmap for every disciple, for his own personal journey of discipleship. As a true disciple, Andrew “listens” to the invitation of Jesus to follow him. There is no second thought, no hesitation, no calculations, no weighing pros and cons. His response is instant and prompt. “At once”, he “gives up” everything. This is indicated by his ‘leaving the nets’, which were the means of his livelihood, a source of life security. And then he “follows” Jesus. We are not sure whether he really understood the meaning and the implications of Jesus’ call. Perhaps, he might have not even given a thought to the deeper significance of “becoming fishers of people”, or “fish for people”. What he understood might be that his life is going to be different from its old way and style. Jesus calls him and he follows him – this is all that mattered for him.

Today his feast and his call is a timely call and caution for all of us. For we are truly living times that are losing the sense of vocation. It is just reduced to the worldly terms like any other secular affair. And we see the sad consequences of this " stripping" of its essential content of the holy. For a Christian, be it the call to priesthood or religious life or lay life, it is always sacred. It is God who calls. The same Lord who called Andrew and others to be with him, to follow him and to bear witness to Him, continues to call each one of us. His call invites us constantly amidst our ordinary and usual preoccupations and engrossing activities and to "step out" of them, just as he called Andrew and his companions. It is not a loss but a huge gain, a grand "elevation" of life, to a matchless dignity of "being fishermen of souls" from the mere being fishermen of fish. From our part, what is expected is to "detach ourselves from everything and to follow him", like Andrew. Unless one is ready to renounce and follow the Lord, the value of vocation cannot be lived out.

 

Direction: The charm, the value and joy of vocation is being lost because the sense of the sacred, detachment and commitment is being lost

01 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 11. 1-10; LUKE 10. 21-24

 

Focus: We are blessed because we can see what many others cannot see, and hear what many others cannot hear, enjoy what many others cannot enjoy

 

The sad thing in the life of many is that life appears a curse. They feel cursed and they transmit the same sense of curse to others also. The reason is, the difficulties, fears and failures take away the beauty and charm of life. It is in this context, the words of Jesus in today’s gospel can be very comforting and encouraging. He affirms, “Blessed are you!” This is our joy and grace that we are blessed in the sight of God. In fact, this is the very purpose of the coming of the Messiah. It is to bring into our cursed life the bliss, the abundance and harmony of messianic times. This, in the first place, invites us to be conscious of our blessedness. We are noble, we are of great dignity. Many forget this, they take it for granted, and thus tend to live against nobility, in a cheap way. In the second place, we are invited to be deeply grateful, because what we have received is not something small, but of immense value. Many have desired for it but have not received it. In the third place, we are invited to realize what this blessedness is. It does not consist in something physical or material or intellectual or social – nothing of the external appearances, possessions, riches, positions, powers, intelligence, status, social level etc. This is very clear as Jesus says in the gospel that God hides the godly things from the so called intelligent and the learned, but reveals them to little ones. Therefore, the real blessedness consists in seeing, hearing and grasping with heart the Son of God, our Lord. To the extent we can see, hear and receive the Lord, to that extent, we are blessed.

This then places upon us a great responsibility to live as blessed people, and to spread around an ambience of blessedness. This is very urgent and relevant in our times, where life seems more and more accursed, because of a culture of shallowness, selfishness, indifference and violence.

 

Direction: You are blessed! Why do you then curse yourself and your life, and live a cursed life and bring curse all around?

 

02 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 25. 6-10a; MATTHEW 15. 29-37

 

Focus: Life is not a saga of desolation and dissatisfaction. Allow God to enter into your life, and you will see the miracle of abundance and satisfaction

 

Scarcity and deprivation, dissipation and sadness often cast their pall over the life of humanity. Consequently, many lose the taste and joy of living. In such times, today’s word of God, both from prophet Isaiah and Matthew breathes in an air of relief and joy. God Himself promises that He will feed His people with a rich and abundant banquet. He will remove their sadness and humiliation. He will restore them dignity and joy. In the gospel, Jesus becomes the fulfilment of this assurance. He heals the sick. He restores them not only physical health, but much more their lost dignity, the lost confidence and hope, the lost beauty and joy of living. He feeds the hungry thousands through a miracle of multiplying seven loaves and fish. He satisfies them. He breathes in happiness and tranquillity in a situation of tension and sadness. He transforms scarcity into abundance, emptiness into fullness, sadness into joy.

True it is that often we find ourselves in the same gospel situation – away from homes, in the wilderness, with nothing to eat, in want and hunger, with no means to meet the need, being exhausted and at the danger of fainting. Such desperate situations confront us and frighten us. We find ourselves helpless and abandoned. But we are not lost. We are not left alone. The Lord is there, who is full of compassion. He understands our needs. He knows what to do. All that is needed is to sit with him, to sit at his feet. It is enough that we hand over the little we have – the seven loaves and small fish.

 

Direction: If we follow the Lord even into wilderness, listening to him and relishing his presence, he will not let you go away hungry and dissatisfied. He will feed you with abundance

 

03 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 26. 1-6; MATTHEW 7. 21, 24-27, FEAST OF ST FRANCIS XAVIER

 

We venerate today St Francis Xavier on his feast day. The word of God indicates the secret and source of his greatness. He was a man of true faith. True faith is not limited just to words. It is not happy with mere lip service, acclaiming loudly, “Lord, Lord!”. His faith was authentic, shown in action. He was passionate and committed to “do God’s will” always and everywhere. Passion and commitment mark his whole life and mission. He was passionate for God, for God’s work and for God’s people. He was committed to God’s will and plans, in every particle of his being, without any reserve. His commitment was so generous, so selfless, so free, so joyous and prompt. His passion and commitment make him totally surrender his life to serve the Lord, even to the extent of dying for him. No fears, no adversities, nothing and no one could stop or restrict his unflagging zeal. The focus of Francis was ever on the Lord who called him and the mission entrusted to Him. Therefore, nothing could frighten him or intimidate him or discourage him or disturb him or distort him. Distance or vicinity, success or failure, support or hostility, nothing would matter for him, but only a passionate zeal for the Lord to live for the Lord and to die for him. True to the words of the prophet Isaiah in the first reading, he trusted in the Lord forever, made him his everlasting Rock. He was of steadfast mind. That is why, God led him and kept him in perfect peace. True to Jesus’ words in the gospel, unlike the fool who builds his house on sand, Francis Xavier was the wise man who built his house on the solid rocky foundation of faith and service. Therefore, he stood firm and led many to God. His passion for God and his ardour for the mission are really challenging and inspiring for us.  

 

Direction: Good intentions, right decisions, great words and promises are very good. But that is not enough. True faith demands that we are people who integrate words with actions. Faith must be seen in fidelity and sacrifice.

 

04 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 29. 17-24; MATTHEW 9. 27-31

 

Focus: When we allow God to enter into our life and intervene in the course of our situations, the face and tone of life will not be the same

 

As the Word of God speaks, situations of deafness and blindness, disgrace and shame constantly surround our life and abound as well. There are moments and conditions where we ourselves indifferently remain deaf and blind, when we throw ourselves into situations of disgrace and shame. There are also times when we are forced not to hear, not to see, not to be honourable and gracious. Certainly both kinds of situations are not desirable. In such times, how comforting it is to be assured that there is someone by our side in our times of struggle and sorrow! We must remember that we have a God who never neglects us. He thinks of us even before we think of ourselves. He understands our needs and struggles even before we realize them and cry for help. He will brighten our dark shades. He will knock away our disgrace and shame. He will strike hard against all the injustice and deceit. He will remove the cloud of sorrow, wipe away our tears, change our lives into springs of joy and happiness. He will heal all the blind and the deaf. He will stand by the side of the poor and the simple. He will fill the saddened hearts with a renewed joy. All that is needed is to trust Him. We need to open our eyes and see the love and might of God working in our lives. We need to get rid of our blindness. Yes, we need healing. We need to realize that we need healing. We need to affirm our trust in God's healing of us. God is ever ready to render us healed. We need to run behind Him persistently, crying out to Him to help us. Not that He is unaware or indifferent. If it is our need, we must feel it and seek him to attend to it. We must approach him in trust and submit to his touch. And once healed, we must also bear witness to him.

Direction: As long as we are blind to God, we are blind to our own selves, failing to see our person and life which are certainly in need of healing. Regain the sight and then we will see the marvels of God and life

 

05 DECEMBER 2020, ISAIAH 30. 19-21, 23-26; MATTHEW 9. 35 - 10. 1, 6-8

 

Focus: An authentic life is always integrated in word and action, as seen in Jesus himself. When there is dichotomy between what one believes and what one lives, it is only a fake faith, and against our very call itself

 

Jesus was always united with the Father, experiencing intimacy in serene moments of prayer. No amount of work, however busy and plenty it is, would rob this precious time. He was relentless in his preaching the good news. He was tireless and selfless in his healing ministry. Thus, communion with the Father, compassion for the people and passion for the mission - these characterized his whole life. At times, God may allow us to go through hard times, but not so much to penalize us, but only to teach us, so as to correct and solidify us. He bandages and heals the wounds that we have incurred. He will end our times of weeping. And he will give us fruition and that too in abundance. Certainly, the harvest of His grace is abundant in our life. But it is not to limit grace to ourselves. We need to radiate the same to others. We need to help others as well to reap a rich harvest of God’s goodness. Therefore, his love for us also includes a mission. In other words, it is the mission of establishing and spreading the horizons of his kingdom. We are sent on the same mission through proclaiming and healing. This is a tough task. But he empowers us with his own light and power. In a world that is often without direction, without committed labourers and without sanity, we are called to show the purpose and direction, to work committedly and to heal the infirmities.

 

Direction: The realization that we are often like "sheep without shepherd" because of our precarious and misleading situations should not make us confused, misguided and deviated. Rather it should be to seek the only shepherd.